首先明確一點:考什(shí)麽、怎麽(me)考。雖然各大名校自主出題,但命題思路是相似的。現以北(běi)京外國語大學的高考保送生口語真題為例。
英(yīng)語口語(yǔ)考試共分為4項:
1.考生朗讀英語短文,考查考生在朗讀中的語音、語調是否標準、自然
2.考官就該短文內容進行提問,考生回答問題時不能參看原文(wén)
3.考(kǎo)生就指(zhǐ)定話題進行長(zhǎng)度不少於10句話的英語口頭(tóu)作文;時間為1分鍾(一(yī)般為描述式話題)
4.考生(shēng)就指定的題進行英語(yǔ)口頭(tóu)陳述;時間為3分鍾(一般為(wéi)思辨式話題)
其次要學會如何在短短的(de)09秋季備考(kǎo)。現以去年一道北京外(wài)國語(yǔ)大學的真題為例。
朗(lǎng)讀下列短文(wén):
Once upon a time there was a cruise ship sailing along the coast of the Pacific Ocean. On board the ship, there was a magician, who was traveling with a parrot, his companion. The magician made his living by giving performances to the passengers on the ship.
One day, the magician was giving a show to some passengers. The parrot always stood on the magician’s shoulder when he gave a show. Whenever the magician told a joke, the parrot would give it away. One time the magician had a knife, he spun it around and the knife disappeared! The parrot said “It’s in his pocket, it’s in his pocket”. The crowd booed him because the parrot gave it away. The next trick he did, he waved a magic stick around and it vanished. Again, the parrot said “It’s up his sleeve! It’s up his sleeve!” The magician got mad because he couldn’t keep any of his tricks secret. The parrot kept giving them away.
One day the cruise ship sank. The magician and the parrot managed to swim to an island where they stayed for about 3 months when the parrot all of a sudden burst out and asked:“Ok. I give up! Where did you hide the ship?”
此題考察的是考生的語音語調是否(fǒu)標準、自然。而(ér)這道考題的真正考點有(yǒu)三(sān):
一,生詞。想必隻有極少數(shù)高中生會正確地讀出粗體的“cruise”、“magician”這樣的詞匯。保送生考試畢(bì)竟是擇優考試,需要考生(shēng)不僅僅滿足於3500個高考必考詞匯,還要記住保(bǎo)送生考試範圍規(guī)定的生詞。但這些生詞從(cóng)何而來?就是(shì)曆年的真題和考試大(dà)綱。
二,懂得語音規則(zé)。連讀和失去爆(bào)破是複習的重點,但更重要的是弱讀(dú)。下(xià)劃線上的三處:“It’s in his pocket, it’s in his pocket”、“It’s up his sleeve! It’s up his sleeve”、“made his”中,“his”一詞的讀法不是【hIz】,而變成了【Iz】,這(zhè)樣就使得整(zhěng)個句子的發音發(fā)生了根本性的改變。
三,正確區分英音、美(měi)音。題中斜(xié)體“asked”一詞,英國人(rén)與美國人發音迥然不同,英音為(wéi)【a:skt】,美音為【?skt】。因此,兩者若不能正確區分,會讓考官對該考生產生水平不高的印象(xiàng),直接對分數造成致命的影響。
因此在第一題上,如果(guǒ)連讀、失去爆(bào)破、弱讀沒有(yǒu)學好,考官會(huì)認(rèn)為該考(kǎo)生功底不紮(zhā)實;若沒能正(zhèng)確區分英音、美音,則會(huì)被認為水平不高。
再舉一例:去年北京外國語大學的一(yī)道真(zhēn)題:
考生就指定的話題(tí)進行長度不少於10句話的英語(yǔ)口頭(tóu)作文:
“Which of your teachers do you like most? Why?”
針對(duì)這道(dào)題,考察的其實的(de)隻有2點:
1 口語是否有邏輯性
2 口語是否用合適的詞語表達真實的感受
很多考(kǎo)生麵對這道題隻會一邊(biān)想一(yī)邊(biān)說(shuō),其結果為邏輯混(hún)亂、結結巴巴。需要要明確的是,描(miáo)述一個人(rén)自然是由表及(jí)裏、先說外表再說性格的(de)結構。同時,很多考生的口語表達方式十分匱乏。比如頭發,隻會說“long hair”、“short hair”,而知道中(zhōng)等(děng)長短“medium-length”的(de)則少(shǎo)之又少。因此,學會答題(tí)的正確思路和準確、豐富的表達方式(shì)對考試是十分必要的。