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獨(dú)立主(zhǔ)格和分詞短語口訣(jué)三則

作者: 來源: 發布時間:2008年03月12日
 

在改寫或(huò)簡化狀語從句時,什麽情況下用獨立主格結構,什麽情況下用分詞短語,如何區分?如何判斷?如(rú)何使(shǐ)用?

(A)

主從主(zhǔ)語皆相同,                               分詞短語作狀(zhuàng)語,

連詞從主應省去。                               主從(cóng)主語如不同(tóng),

獨立主格(gé)作狀語,                               從主不省要牢記。

例句:

1)When she heard the good news,she couldn’t helplaughing.

2)If time permits,I’ll dance with you.

上兩句可改為:①Hearing the good news,she couldn’thelp laughing.

當主句主語和從句主語是相同的人或物時,我們可以用分詞短語來(lái)代替從(cóng)句,將原來從句中的連詞和主語省去。例1)中主(zhǔ)句和從句的主語都是she,是相同的,故可用分詞短(duǎn)語來代替(tì)從句。

例2)可改成:

Time permitting,I’ll dance with you.

很明顯,當(dāng)主句的主語和從句的主語不同,不是同一人(rén)或物時,我們可用獨立(lì)主格來代替從句。從句的連詞省去。原來從(cóng)句中與主句不一致的主語(yǔ)保留(liú),作為獨立主格的邏輯主(zhǔ)語(yǔ)。例2)中從句的主語(yǔ)是time與(yǔ)主語I不同,故(gù)用獨立主語。

(B)

主動語態用ing,被(bèi)動語態用ed。

主動語態的從句,用現在分詞短語代替,常常位於句首。如:They didn’t go to the Summer Palace because they had alot of work to do.

轉換為(wéi):Having a lot of work to do,they didn’t go to theSummer Palace.

被動語態的從句,用過去分詞(cí)短語代替,一般置於句首。如:

As we are led by our great Party,we have won one vic-tory after another.

轉換為:Led by our great Party,we have won one victo-ry after another.

(C)

被(bèi)動如為完(wán)成或進行,用現(xiàn)在分詞(cí)被動形式勿忘記。

1)After we had been shown the labs,we were taken tosee the library.

2)As the room was being painted,we had to stay out-side.

例1)轉換為:Having been shown the labs,we were tak-en to see the library.

例2)轉換為:The room being painted,we had to stayoutside.

 
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